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Dr. Netscher - Providing Treatment for Congenital Hand Surgery
Dr. Netscher - Providing Treatment for Congenital Hand Surgery
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Treatment Options

If multiple fingers are affected, then the webspace releases may need to be performed in a series of staged procedures. Young children readily tolerate having surgery performed bilaterally and so this speeds up the overall recovery and reduces the number of anesthetic procedures required where there are multiple bilateral digits involved. Generally speaking, a zigzag separation of the digits is performed as these zigzag incisions are said to reduce the amount of scarring. Skin grafts are nearly always required to fill in some remaining gaps when the webspaces are released (except for the mildest forms of syndactyly). These skin grafts are most frequently obtained from the groin crease of the child and that site is sewn back as a straight line resulting in a concealed scar precisely in the flexion crease of the hip. In children of color, the skin taken as a graft from the hip crease area and may be too dark to provide a good color match for the naturally pale palm skin. And so, an alternative donor site for the skin grafts may sometimes come from the instep of the foot to provide a better color match for the healed grafts and the adjacent palm skin.

With Apert syndrome, multiple bilateral digit separations will be required generally starting with the border digits (thumbs/index and little/ring) and then progressively working inward to the other fingers of the hand. Two or three procedures will be required to each hand (often simultaneous mirror image bilateral procedures can be done) to achieve separation of all digits. Occasionally, the bones of the fingers in Apert syndrome may be bowed and later secondary procedures to straighten the bones (corrective osteotomies) may be required.

The principles of post-operative care after syndactyly surgical release are the same irrespective of the complexity of the original problem. The surgical procedures can often be performed on an outpatient basis, but do require general anesthesia. Immobilization of the hand and arm is required in a cast or splint to allow sufficient time for healing over 10-14 days. This splint is readily removed in the office. Specific occupational therapy is seldom required. Occasionally a postoperative compression glove may be recommended to minimize the potential for adverse scarring.

I always recommend surgical correction of web fingers as this results in enhanced hand function with improved hand grasping and improved breadth of finger span. It also incidentally improves the aesthetic appearance of the hand. The fingers are also released from their tethered webbing and so can achieve their maximum growth potential. In contrast, webbed toes do not always need to be released. Generally this depends on the desires of the parents, as functional problems seldom result from webbed toes except in the more complex types. Nonetheless, if toe syndactyly release is to be performed, one generally prefers to complete this before the child reaches one year of age or at least before the child has started walking.

 
   
Questions about treatment?
David T. Netscher, M.D.
Professor
Division of Plastic Surgery
6624 Fannin #2730
Houston, TX 77030
713-799-8090 phone
713-795-5006 fax

netscher@bcm.tmc.edu